The Chan learn

Chan's learn is academic door of the research"Chan".

The Chan define

"Chan" came over from the phrase sound in"Chan that" translation of Sanskrit of and say with today's words, "Chan" is actually a foreign language, it of the meaning be "the thinking fix" or"quiet Lyu" and belong to bodhisattva to go six degrees in of once, what to point was a kind of method for practice moral teachings.The Buddha signs to teach and sign "quit, settle, Hui" for basic three learn, being each Buddhist has to fix to hold a basic method door."Chan" that we say here is the Chan that the Chan spread, with a current and same side of"Chan settle" in six degrees, and then have different one side.India, "the Chan settle" can be treated as a kind of most ancient the way for practice moral teachings, the as early as Buddhism establishes before and namely already spread widely.the Buddhism stream into after China and the in the past Zu is teacher and each religious sect and all take"Chan settle" or"Chan view" as it to practice moral teachings and sign the root of religion.Mutually allied with"Chan" of have a Chan view, Chan settle, Chan heart, Chan idea, Chan flavor, Chan method, Chan breeze, Buddhist allegorical word etc. Chan language extend meaning by Chan, is really abundant colorful, lingering charm endless.

After Chan rise, it"Chan" promote with although original"Chan view" or"Chan settle" have it same of one side, have it more different of one side, for same of one noodles don't say it, so different is what?

The first, "Chan" of Chan is a kind of understanding.Say with it it is "the Chan settle a degree" in six degrees and also rather say that it is "intelligence" in six degrees.

The second, the Chan values scholar on the method with the direct dialogue of its teacher to inspire the intelligence of scholar.

The third, the purpose square one of Chan opens Wu, think to only have "Wu behind rise to fix", then can half effort and double results.

The fourth, Chan's practice moral teachings is to be close the decontamination of daily life and public to combine, think "the common heart be a way", "the Buddhist doctrine don't leave world to feel in the world" with be born of do into the business of a life time with the absolute being.

The category of Chan

《Stare blankly Qie through 》in is divided into four kinds of Chans, on being the Chan that Yu man go, then keep a method not to get empty but go Chan.Two is to observe righteousness Chan, namely in settle in make the Chan of quiet Lyu to the righteousness Di.Three is climb to aid like Chan, namely the Gui Feng believe in the ordinary people Chan of "the Xin is disgusted with bottom" that airtight Buddhist monk say.Four is such as come to Chan, namely from the Chan of certificate saint Zhi state.

The Gui Feng believe in airtight the Chan in cent is 5 kinds in it the Zhao 《 the Chan source various Quan gather all the preface 》 :The one who call to take a difference to account Xin to up be disgusted with bottom but fix is an ordinary people Chan.Being believe cause and effect, also be disgusted with by Xin but fixing is an ordinary people Chan.Wu I am really empty to be partial to it reason but fix, is a Hinayana Chan.The Wu my method two empty truth show but fix, is a Mahayana Chan.If realize suddenly from the heart, original clean, the dollar have no annoyance, have never leaked Zhi originally from have foot, this heart namely Fo, after all and just like, according to this and then fix, was topmost to multiply by Chan, as well if come to clean Chan, as well on going three Meis, as well be really like three Meis.This is everything is three Mei roots, if cans read aloud a cultivation and the nature gradually gets 10010003 Meis.The bottom of the Bodhidharma door, the exhibition turn it is rumored be this Chan also.

Believe in an airtight a cent, is particularly go to school a reason up of classification.In physically practice moral teachings, these five kinds of Chans can conduct and actions in proper order but enter of five stages.BE have really under the Buddhist monk leading of fix the substantial evidence, raise a layer each time, there are some kind of Wu Jings, will come up to surmount at a time in the understanding, this be"Chan" that the Chan promote.

How actually should to define "Chan" that the Chan promote, since is a difficult matter, is also a business of surplus.Why say so?Because the Chan lays claim to three"live a sentence", in the past Buddhist monk while lead the way scholar always should disease and medicine, Jing the square solve Fu, from have no dead method and person.




chanxue
The Chan learn


The Chan legal theory of the Buddhism theory, the important theory of Chinese Buddhism.Chan, all call "Chan that", come from a Sanskrit, liberal translation"quiet Lyu", "the thinking fix"...etc., call quiet medium consider, the state of mind devotes one's mind one Jing and go deep into consider Buddhism reason."Chan that", be also view, "" is the calmness of heart, "view" is that the consider is some one thing."Chan" originally the various ancient religious section in India practice moral teachings of widespread method, but have special and important meaning in the Buddhism the life with Buddhism philosophy.The Chan is certainly of 1 kind, but Chinese Buddhism usually Chan with settle and be called "the Chan settle", the meaning is more extensive.
The Chan is a Buddhism to fix to hold an activity, there is the differentiation of Hinayana Mahayana, but it the common purpose pass peaceful body, concentrated spirit, expel endocentric interference and the come-on of the external world, be absorbed in thought certain observation object, carry on a thinking according to position and reason of Buddhism to exterminate annoyance, go to bad do good, change the Chi into the Zhi to set free by getting spirit.
The Chan learns a development in China because of ages, region and the dissimilarity of group, the Chan learns a development to have different contents and special features and go to Tang Dynasty Hui ability Chan, the Chan learns further China to turn and more one-time Chan learned to produce important difference.
The rise that the Chan learn expects Anne a life time after learn begin from east Han with widely accepted Chinese Chan Gao and pay Lou Jia Chen to translate through of spread.Three Kingdoms Wu2 Kang Seng would, the Jin generation release an Anne and the way wood pushes a heavy Chan method.Afterwards pigeon Mo Shi and Buddha cross mountains Tuo(feel wise) translate a Chan one after another again through, push forward the Chan learn of rise.At Han Wei Jin period spread of the Chan method has 4 types around:① Anne sort Chan.Is Anne, a life time Gao translate 《Anne's sort guard an idea through 》initiate."Anne" points into the interest(absorb), "Anne's sort""sort" points out an interest(shout), namely"few interests".Its ising heavy is adjust an interest(breath), with concentration spirit, get into Chan to settle artistic conception;Again with"method number"(press the numeral to the classification of the doctrine) view object, constitute "Chan number" form, belong to the Chan method of Hinayana Buddhism.Because vomitted a Na health Shu at that time with Taoist"food spirit", "led spirit"...etc. look alike but spread Xi more wide.
The ② says prayer to Buddha Chan.For pay Lou Jia the Chen translates of the bodhisattva multiply by Chan through 《sort boat three Meis through 》and 《the head stare blankly strict three Meises through 》 initiate."Sort boat" namely says prayer to Buddha:"The head stare blankly strict", mean a hike, vigorous in steps;"Three Meis"s namely settle.Ago through say that ask for help from intelligence, concentrate the view say prayer to Buddha of 32 kind mutually, 80 kinds of good, can make now 10 square and various Fos was ex-.Empress through then think fixing to hold a head stares blankly strict three Meises and can gather strength for the activity for become Buddha and be easy to attain the target for become Buddha.
③ Five Chan pigeon Mo the Shi synthesized each Chan method to edit and translate 3 according to the claim of pupil monk Rui 《the Chan Mi want a method through 》, initiate five Chan views("five stop heart"), aim at a concrete circumstance, pay attention to a dissimilarity to cure:The avidity heavily fixs "not clean"s a view;The Hui heavily fixs a "mercy" view;The Yu Chi fixs "opportunity" view;Spread disorderly heart to heavily fix "few interests"s view;The general person cultivates to"say prayer to Buddha".The Buddha crosses mountains Tuo translate 《the Bodhidharma be many Chan through 》also speak five Chans.Pigeon Mo Shi and Buddha cross mountains Tuo of the Chan learn a dissimilarity.But is all Chan that the size multiplies by to melt Guan, emphasize Chan Zhi a double a luck and the Ji takes a picture a benefit.To afterwards the development of Buddhish thought contain important influence.
④ Actually and mutually the Chan be so-called actually and mutually empty, actually and mutually the view be an empty view.The size multiplies by the key that the Chan method melts Guan and lie in getting up the Chan view and the empty view contact.Pigeon Mo Shi spread of Chan view request to together and actually and mutually contact, namely since want to see empty, and then want to see the function of various method, both can't be partial to discard.This rightness of afterwards of the day set believed in to produce influence.
The ages of the South and North Dynasty, because of the dissimilarity of political circumstance, the south over-emphasizes reason and the north holds a heavy Chan method.Filial piety text emperor in North Wei for Buddha the Buddhist monk signs little Lin2 Si4 at the Song mountain little room, Be a Chan monk to gather to reside it, henceforth the Chan method greatly goes.North Wei Zhao Buddhist monk the bodhi Bodhidharma fixs Chan at little Lin2 Si4 and the its Chan method pays attention to "reason person" with"pedestrian"."Manage a person", point to carry on a Buddhism theories deliberation, namely"wall view", on the wall Tu2 Cheng2 Guan think of drawing, face the wall a view to think to agree with a Fo reason."Pedestrian" belongs to fix to hold fulfillment.He emphasizes a "reason" and"go" both to combine, don't leave to teach a reason while inspire believe in, borrow to teach the Wu how to believe in, after becoming to believe in not with at the culture and education, not with lend speech to teach.The empress of the Bodhidharma is receive for the early Zu of Chinese Chan.
North together the Buddhist monk Hui text carry out actually and mutually Chan, he according to 《in theory 》of the thought of "the method that opportunity living, I say that is empty, also be named assumed name, as well righteous in" and 《big Zhi degree talk about 》of may be done three kinds of standpoints of intelligence(the whole Zhis, way kind Zhi, the whole kind Zhi) in one heart, think the truth of three Dis is from the creation opportunity with match but living and then can observe to take up a post He2 Yi Jing4 of emptily, falsely, and a heart can observe three Dis in the meantime.One Jing three Dis be actually and mutually a creation, one heart's three views be actually and mutually a Chan.The Hui text passes this kind of Chan method Hui to think, the Hui thinks and passes Zhi, the Zhi is in river's east spread Chan actually and mutually, pushed a southern Chan method of widely accepted, make the atmosphere of a school of over-emphasize the reason have a change.
South north Zong Chan2 Xue2 spreads a Chinese Buddhish to South and North Dynasty a last phase, along with south north society economy of development, the south north teacher say gradual emergence comprehensive in harmony with of trend, start become school of thought.The emergence of the Chan is a Chinese Chan to learn the most important affairs in history.The thought of Chinese Chan leads to come from 《sit Chan three Meis 》, 《the Bodhidharma be many Chan through 》in of"say prayer to Buddha a method door".It is rumored bodhi Bodhidharma, Hui can, monk Can, way letter, the Hong endure one by one in order it is rumored, the Hong divides into an absolute being show after endure north religion and Hui ability the south believe in, hour call "south ability north show".The absolute being show a fasten of Chan method, speak to move, settle integral whole, namely so-called"the Lian heart sit quietly and meditate, if crawl forward into the tube", the assertion"brush off dust to see clean, convenient path", then appreciate gradually, the method of gradual run-through.Hui can and the absolute being show a dissimilarity, his fix a Chan method BE.He from reside in teach outside supplementary biography, although on bed terms doctrine insulate, emphasize that the induction doesn't teach a writing in the speech, but with the awakening myriad living things originally has Fo for subject.The assertion comes straight to the point, keep a Mo heart source and see sex become Buddha.This be the biggest change which learns thought to the former Chan.Reflect a Hui ability Chan to learn thought of 《altar through 》become the most important work that the Chinese Chan learn.Because the Hui ability pupil absolute being will wait for someone of strongly worship, Hui ability's ising settle for the Chan is six Zus, south religion the orthodox tradition which become Chan, and become the influence in the Buddhism biggest, spread the most long, influence the biggest religious sect.
The assertion of the Hui ability south religion through door descends a south Yue bosom to let, green go to think at first 12 after spread, the Buddhist monks are to melt a Chan method will think that sitting to go to lie, move a firewood picks water in the daily life etc. ethical relations day use all can body now Chan method, become a kind of assertion which according to situation allows a luck, together the thought of India Buddhism thought and other religious sections in China be a vast difference between the two.
The Chan teaches concordance Chan the fad of the Chan method, caused the antinomy of together other religious sections and thus appear trend that temper Chan's teach again.Win believe in of Tang's ages airtight is the Buddhist monk whom the lotus Ze fasten, is the master of the Hua strict religion again, he is in 《 the Chan source various Quan gather all the preface 》 put forward delivering Chan to teach united assertion with Chan.5, north Sung moment method eye believe in a Buddhist monk to postpone a life owing to Chan's learning to teach the corrupt practice of the reason into the not profound impassability, call especially to only know, the Hua be strict, day Buddhism students with three pedestal query each other, standpoint conduct and actions which finally uses Chan adjudicate of the standard take in to assess, become 《believe in a mirror to record 》100.Postpone the life unifies each one to the different parlance for teach and temper Chan again with teach of antinomy, is accept by each one to believe in airtight with postpone life concordance Chan to teach, all teach settle in 《the Hua be strict 》.The Hua strict Chan appeared the Hua strict thought and Chan to learn from here to mutually blend, for the generation Buddhist monk of Sung and Sung reasonable learned to produce very great influence.
The Chan Chan learn of divide Sung generation Chan to flow partieses to all depend on support of ruler, the Zhao Buddhist monk often associates with upper level person, on the thought more and more and well affirmative reality.From here the Chan learns the development of thought occurrence and shows Zhao variety and appeared the Chan of 3:① Writing Chan.Postpone a life Chan although the value teach a reason, real Be a basis judgment the right and wrong is still an elder generation Zu the language sentence of the teacher.Because the language sentence spread Chien slightly difficult solution, the Buddhist monk illustrates its the gist with the Jie Song, so generally have cultural Buddhist monks to all walk to up pursue the road of the Chan idea from the writing.The Chan learns a way of walk the preceding context word, on the other hand contribute to comprehension and on the other hand also produce the phenomenon of the dance text lane Mo.The ② sees words Chan.Two Sung moments face a benefit to believe in a Buddhist monk to believe in the Gao objection writing Chan, his lay claim to doesn't be a positive article the language sentence of Zu teacher to come forward to claim meeting, is "words head" namely topic come three investigate, think so then can the self-moving real estate living intelligence and attain the purpose which becomes Buddha from the Wu.The ③ Mo shines on Chan.Cao hole's believing in a Buddhist monk is rather and deeply feel and believes in Gao to make friends, but his objection see words Chan, put forward Ji Mo quiet shine on, then sit in silence a Chan method of see the heart.Actually this be the Chan method of the past Chan north religion.The Mo shines on Chan to appear, Chan south Zong Liu2 Pai4 turns but adopts the Chan method of north religion, symbolize south Zong Chan2 Xue2 has already walked to the end of oneself development, from that time on later the Chan learn thought to tend more and more in stagnate.
The influence Chan that the Chan learn's learn is Chinese ancient of philosophy be particularly Sui Tang philosophic of importance part, as to it's his philosophy flowed a parties to produce importance influence.It initiate of don't believe authority and don't believe the slogan of classic, once was some progress thinkers the equal made use of such as Li3 Zhi4, Tan2 Si4, with attack feudalism orthodox tradition thought;It publicizes only the heart doctrine disposition theory, is reasonable for Sung to learn a house,such as distance Hao, distance Yi, Zhu Xi, 69 Yuans, Wang2 Shou3 Ren2...etc., to absorb and become a reason to learn only a heart doctrine one of the thought origins of the system.